Tuapse
En nameTuapse
Ru nameТуапсе
Other nameТӏуапсэ
Other langAdyghe
Coordinates44°06′16″N 39°04′38″E
HolidayFirst Sunday of July
Federal subjectKrasnodar Krai
Adm city jurTown of Tuapse
Adm ctr of 1Town of Tuapse
Adm ctr of 2Tuapsinsky District
Inhabloc catTown
Mun district jurTuapsinsky Municipal District
Urban settlement jurTuapsinskoye Urban Settlement
Mun admctr of 1Tuapsinsky Municipal District
Mun admctr of 2Tuapsinskoye Urban Settlement
HeadAlexander Chekhov
Representative bodyCouncil
Pop 2010census63292
Pop 2010census rank250th
Established date1838
Current cat date1916
Postal codes352800–352803, 352808, 352859
Dialing codes86167
Websiteadm.tuapse.ru/

Tuapse[a] is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated on the northeast shore of the Black Sea, south of Gelendzhik and north of Sochi. Population:

Tuapse is a sea port and the northern center of a resort zone that extends south to Sochi.

History

Early history

Tuapse was a large center (native land) for the Shapsugs tribe,[1] along other areas in Circassia. The name of the town is itself Adyghe (literally meaning "two waters").[2]

The modern settlement dates back to 1838, when the Russian fort of Velyaminovsky was established in the area after this region became a part of Russia in 1829 by the Treaty of Adrianople.[3] During the Crimean War, the Ottomans seized the fort and held it for two years (1857–1859). The village of Velyaminovskoye (Вельяминовское) was established here in 1864; it is the village that later became Tuapse.[3] Town status was granted to Tuapse in 1896.[3] During the Russian Empire, the town was the administrative capital of the Tuapsinsky Okrug.

20th century

From 1924 to 1930, Tuapse was the capital of the Shapsug national district. According to the 1926 census, the population was 54.6% Russian, 17.0% Ukrainian, 3.8% Armenian, 2.8% Greek, 1.6% Polish, 1.3% Georgian and 1.1% Jewish.[4]

The Soviets developed Tuapse as an oil terminal and depot. An oil pipeline from Grozny and Maykop was in operation by 1928, designed by Vladimir Shukhov. An oil refinery dates from the same period. No later than 1941, Tuapse's status was changed to that of a town of the krai subordination.[3]

During World War II, the German military attempted to seize the town during the Battle of the Caucasus, which caused major damage to Tuapse. The Germans reached the hills above from the north, but were not able to seize the town and its port.

21st century

See also: 2026 Tuapse oil terminal disaster

During the Russo-Ukrainian war, the Ukrainian military first attacked the port of Tuapse in February 2023.[5] In April 2026, Tuapse became the site of a major industrial and environmental disaster at its oil port facilities following Ukrainian attacks.[6][7]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tuapse serves as the administrative center of Tuapsinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[8] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Tuapse—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of a district.[8] As a municipal division, the Town of Tuapse is incorporated within Tuapsinsky Municipal District as Tuapsinskoye Urban Settlement.[9]

Geography

The town is situated on the northeast shore of the Black Sea, south of Gelendzhik and north of Sochi. The Russian Children Center Orlyonok (former All-Russian SFSR Young Pioneer camp) is here.

Climate

Tuapse has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa).[10] Tuapse has warm to hot summers and cool winters with frequent rainfall year-round.

Average sea temperature (1977–2006)[11]
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Average temperature8.9 °C8.0 °C8.7 °C11.0 °C15.2 °C19.5 °C23.7 °C25.0 °C22.4 °C18.8 °C14.2 °C10.7. °C

Economy and transport

Tuapse is home to the Tuapse oil terminal and the Tuapse Refinery.

Tuapse is one of the key transport hubs of the Black Sea coast of Russia. The city's location determines its key importance to ensure a ground connection with the spa capital of the country – the city of Sochi – and makes it important for the export commodities of the country (oil, fertilizer, coal, etc.).

There is a railway station in Tuapse.

Twin towns and sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Tuapse is twinned with:

Notable people

References

Notes

  1. ^ Russian: Туапсе́; ady: Тӏуапсэ, tʷʼapsə.

Citations

  1. ^ "История под ногами". Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved 2012-06-29.
  2. ^ "Официальный сайт администрации города Туапсе - История". Archived from the original on May 2, 2012. Retrieved 2012-06-29. Official Website of Tuapse (Russian)
  3. ^ Азаренкова, А. С.; И. Ю. Бондарь; Н. С. Вертышева (1986). ru:Основные административно-территориальные преобразования на Кубани (1793–1985 гг.) (in Russian). Краснодарское книжное издательство. p. 269.
  4. ^ Поселенные итоги переписи 1926 г. по Северо-Кавказскому Краю (in Russian). Rostov-on-Don: Северо-Кавказское краевое статистическое управление, Отдел переписи. 1929. p. 330.
  5. ^ Sutton, HI (8 March 2023). "Ukrainian Attack On Russian Port In Black Sea Shows No Base Is Safe". Naval News. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  6. ^ "Russia's Tuapse oil refinery halted operations after April drone attack". Reuters. 21 April 2026.
  7. ^ "A nightmare: Russians in Tuapse in disbelief after Ukrainian drones bring the war home". The Kyiv Independent. 2026.
  8. ^ Reference Information #34.01-707/13-03
  9. ^ Law #745-KZ
  10. ^ "Guwahati vs Tuapse Climate & Distance Between". guwahati.climatemps.com
  11. ^ Tuapse Water temperature 1977-2006 Archived February 18, 2013 at archive.today (in Russian), Retrieved August 9, 2012.
  12. ^ "National Commission for Decentralised cooperation" (in French). Délégation pour l’Action Extérieure des Collectivités Territoriales (Ministère des Affaires étrangères). Archived from the original on October 8, 2013. Retrieved 2013-12-26.