| Taxon | Osteoglossum |
|---|---|
| Authority | Cuvier, 1829 |
| Subdivision ranks | Species |
| Subdivision | 2, see text |
Osteoglossum is a genus of fish in the family Osteoglossidae. They reach about 1 m (3.3 ft) in length and are restricted to freshwater habitats in tropical South America.[1][2]
These predators mostly feed on arthropods like insects and spiders, but may also take small vertebrates such as other fish, frogs, lizards, snakes, mice, bats and small birds.[3][4] They jump up to 2 m (6.6 ft) out of the water to pick the prey off branches, tree trunks or foliage, which has earned them the local name "water monkeys".[3] They are the largest fish in the world that catch most of their food out of water.[3] When breeding, the male protects the eggs and young by carrying them in the mouth.[1][5]
They are sometimes kept in aquariums, but they are predatory and require a very large tank.[5]
Species
There are two species:[2]
| Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Osteoglossum bicirrhosum Cuvier (ex Vandelli), 1829 | Silver arowana | Amazon, Essequibo and Oyapock basins | |
| Osteoglossum ferreirai Kanazawa, 1966 | Black arowana | Rio Negro basin, including the Branco River |
References
- ^ Olivares; Hrbek; Escobar; Caballero (2013). "Population structure of the black arowana (Osteoglossum ferreirai) in Brazil and Colombia: implications for its management". Conserv. Genet.. 14 (3): 695–703. Bibcode:2013ConG...14..695O. doi:10.1007/s10592-013-0463-1. S2CID 16841836
- ^
- ^ Carvalho, L.N.; J. Zuanon; I. Sazima (2007). "Natural history of Amazon fishes". Tropical Biology and Natural Resources Theme. Vol. 1. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (ed.). Eolss Publishers, Oxford. pp. 1–24.
- ^ Julia Tovar Verba; Manoela Lima de Oliveira Borges; Maria Nazareth Ferreira da Silva; Lorena Costa Pinto; José Gurgel Rabello Neto (2018). "Mice on menu: opportunistic feeding behaviour of the Amazonian silver arowana Osteoglossum bicirrhosum". Journal of Fish Biology. 93 (1): 132–133. Bibcode:2018JFBio..93..132V. doi:10.1111/jfb.13665. PMID 29934944. S2CID 49378286
- ^ Hill, N. (13 June 2016). "Predators: South American Arowana". Practical Fishkeeping. Retrieved 25 October 2017.