The following is a list of people engaged in spying for Germany.

Pre-WWI

World War I

NameBasedArrestedNotes
Heinrich AlbertUnited States
Karl Boy-EdUnited StatesNaval attaché to the German embassy in Washington
Wilhelm CanarisSpain
Anton DilgerUnited States
Fritz Joubert DuquesneBrazil
Robert FayUnited States24 October 1915
Walter von GerichNorway
Horst von der GoltzUnited States
Kurt JahnkeUnited States Mexico
Carl Hans LodyUnited Kingdom2 October 1914
Mata HariFrance13 February 1917
Karl MoorSwitzerland13 February 1917
Walter NicolaiGermanyAssociated with Mata Hari
Oskar von NiedermayerAfghanistan
Franz von PapenUnited StatesNaval attaché to the German embassy in Washington
Alexander ParvusOttoman Empire
Bolo PashaOttoman Empire United States29 September 1917
Franz von RintelenUnited States
Otto von RosenFinland
Elsbeth SchragmüllerBelgium
Jules C. SilberUnited KingdomWorked as chief censor in United Kingdom
Felix A. SommerfeldMexico
Gustav SteinhauerUnited Kingdom
Despina StorchUnited Kingdom18 March 1918
Maria de VictoricaUnited States21 April 1918
Wilhelm WassmussPersian Gulf * Persia21 April 1918
Lothar WitzkeUnited States * Mexico

Interwar period

NameBasedArrestedNotes
Norman Baillie-StewartUK20 March 1933A WWI veteran who spied for Germany between the wars. Sentenced to five years, he was released from prison on 20 January 1937 and moved to the Continent. He received German citizenship, and was complicit with the broadcasts of Lord Haw Haw.
Princess Stephanie von HohenloheUSAMarch 1941A European aristocrat and German sympathizer, she operated in UK before fleeing to San Francisco in 1939. She was not active in USA beyond questioning by American authorities.

World War II

Post WWII

NameBasedArrestedNotes
Carola SternBerlinHead of Amnesty International, political writer and supporter of detente.
Carlos Penate
Joairam Domingo

See also