This list provides an overview of animated productions that can be considered as first-time milestones in the development of animation techniques or in artistic or commercial success.

Early animation techniques

17th to 19th century: before film

Main article: Early history of animation
YearMilestoneNotes
1659Introduction of the magic lanternby Christiaan Huygens, with moving images
1825Introduction of the thaumatropeby John Ayrton Paris
1833Introduction of the phenakistiscopeThe first device used for stroboscopic animation. Invented simultaneously by Joseph Plateau and Simon Stampfer
1866Introduction of the zoetropeSimilar cylindrical animation devices had already been proposed by Simon Stampfer (1833) and William Horner (1834)
1868Flip book patentedby John Barnes Linnett, under the name of "kineograph"
1877Introduction of the praxinoscopeby Charles-Émile Reynaud
1892First theatrical animation in long stripsReynaud's Théâtre Optique (patented in 1888) at the Musée Grévin

Silent era

Main articles: History of animation and Silent film
YearMilestoneNotes
1898Animation on standard filmstripIntroduced by Gebrüder Bing for toy projectors, lithographed in colour by 1902
1914Application for cel animation patentBy Earl Hurd, granted in 1915[1]
1915Application for Rotoscope patentBy Max Fleischer, granted 1917[2]

Earliest animations by country

ContinentCountryWorkType of WorkType of DistributionLengthRelease/Premiere YearEnd YearRef.
EuropeFranceL'AquariumMovieTheatricalShort1878
Un bon bockMedium1892
The Tale of the FoxFeature1937
Joe the Little Boom BoomSeriesTelevision19601963
United KingdomEnglandThe Clown and His DonkeyMovieTheatricalShort1910
The Little IslandMedium1958
Handling ShipsFeature1945
A Rubovian LegendSeriesTelevision19551964
WalesThe Little Engine That CouldMovieDirect-to-videoMedium1991
The Princess and the GoblinMovieTheatricalFeature1991
SuperTedSeriesTelevision19831986
ScotlandSir BilliMovieTheatricalFeature2012
The Family-NessSeriesTelevision19841985
Northern IrelandLifeboat LukeSeriesTelevision2008
MacropolisMovieTheatricalShort2012
GermanyRhythmus 21MovieTheatricalShort1921[3]
Judas & JesusMedium2009
The Adventures of Prince AchmedFeature1926
Die Sendung mit der MausSeriesTelevision1971Present
LatviaLietaina dienaMovieTheatricalShort1969[4]
The Gold of the TigersMedium1995
Ness un NesijaFeature1991
FantadromsSeriesTelevision19851995
RussiaThe Cameraman's RevengeMovieTheatricalShort1912[5]
In a Faraway Kingdom...Medium1957
The New GulliverFeature1935
Happy Merry-Go-RoundSeriesTelevision19692001
AsiaJapanKatsudō ShashinMovieTheatricalShortc. 1907[6]
Momotarō's Sea EaglesMedium1943
Momotaro: Sacred SailorsFeature1945
The New Adventures of PinocchioSeriesTelevision19611961
The Wizard of OzMovieDirect-to-VideoFeature1982
DallosSeriesDirect-to-Video19831984, 1985
PhilippinesA Boy Playing Yoyo and Girl Jumping RopeMovieAmateurShort1953[7]
LibinganTheatricalMedium2007
Adarna: The Mythical BirdFeature1997
TadhanaTelevision1978
Poptech SeriesSeriesTelevision19801984
BangladeshThe Story of a VillageMovieTheatricalShort1970s[8]
Murgi Keno MutantMedium2011
Khoka Theke Bangabandhu Jatir PitaFeature2021
MeenaSeriesTelevision19912010
ThailandThe Pumpkin of NyefarMovieTheatricalShort2004
hesheitMedium2005
The Adventure of SudsakornFeature1979
PangPond: The Future World AdventureSeriesTelevision2002
Saudi ArabiaWorld of TwitterMovieTheatricalShort2014
But Where Does It Come FromDirect-to-videoMedium1996
Masameer: The MovieTheatricalFeature2020
Shadeed and TammamSeriesTelevision20032003
AfricaEgyptNothing To DoMovieTheatricalShort1936
East West? East WestMedium2009
The Boy and the KingFeature1992
BakkarSeriesTelevision19982025
Ivory CoastKimbooSeriesTelevision19891990
South AmericaArgentinaLa intervención en la provincia de Buenos AiresMovieTheatricalShort1916[9]
Little Red Riding HoodMedium1965
El ApóstolFeature1917
The Adventures of HijitusSeriesTelevision19671996
BrazilO KaiserMovieTheatricalShort1917
O Dragãozinho Manso – JonjocaMedium1942
Amazon SymphonyFeature1954
Monica and FriendsSeriesTelevision1976Present
North AmericaCanadaThe Wizard of OzMovieTheatricalShort1933
Stop That Tank!Medium1942
The Enchanted VillageFeature1955
Cartoon PartySeriesTelevision19591962
United StatesHumorous Phases of Funny FacesMovieTheatricalShort1906[10][11]
The Einstein Theory of RelativityMedium1923
Creation[12]Feature1915
Jim and Judy in TelelandSeriesTelevision19491950
The Flight of DragonsMovieDirect-to-videoFeature1982
The Greatest Adventure: Stories from the BibleSeriesDirect-to-Video19851992
OceaniaAustraliaLeisureMovieTheatricalShort1976
Australian HistoryMedium1971
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's CourtFeature1970
Arthur! And the Square Knights of the Round TableSeriesTelevision19661968
New ZealandThe Frog, the Dog and the DevilMovieTheatricalShort1986
Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tail TaleFeature1986
Oscar and FriendsSeriesTelevision19951996

Techniques

Animation

First films/television series to be created using various animation techniques
TypeFormMediaTitleRelease Date
Hand-drawnPaperShort filmFantasmagorie1908
CelShort filmThe Sinking of the Lusitania1918
Feature filmSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs1937
Television seriesCrusader Rabbit1950
Oil-paintedShort filmConversation in Space1961
Feature filmLoving Vincent2017
Digital ink and paintShort filmOff His Rockers1992
Feature filmThe Rescuers Down Under1990
Television seriesPac-Man1982
Stop-motionShort filmMatches: An Appeal1899
ClayShort filmThe Sculptor's Nightmare1908
Feature filmI Go Pogo1980
Television seriesThe Gumby Show1955[13]
PuppetShort filmThe Humpty Dumpty Circus1908
Feature filmThe Tale of the Fox1937[14]
Television seriesThe New Adventures of Pinocchio1961
SilhouetteShort filmThe Sporting Mice1909
Feature filmThe Adventures of Prince Achmed1926
CutoutShort filmDie Schöne Prinzessin von China1917
Feature filmEl Apóstol1917
Television seriesCaptain Pugwash1957
RotoscopingShort filmThe Clown's Pup (Out of the Inkwell)1919
Feature filmGulliver's Travels1939
Television seriesTarzan, Lord of the Jungle1976
DigitalCGIShort filmA Computer Animated Hand1972
Feature filmToy Story1995
Television seriesReBoot1994
FlashFeature filmWizards and Giants2003
Television series¡Mucha Lucha!2002
MachinimaShort filmDiary of a Camper1996
Feature filmThe Seal of Nehahra2000
Web seriesRed vs. Blue2003
Motion captureShort filmAdam Powers, The Juggler1981
Feature filmFinal Fantasy: The Spirits Within2001

Computer animation

1958–1975
FilmYearNotes
Vertigo1958To create the spirals seen in the opening credit sequence of his film, Alfred Hitchcock hired John Whitney, who used a WWII anti-aircraft targeting computer called "The M5 gun director" mounted on a rotating platform with a pendulum hanging above it that it tracked. Its scope was filmed to create the various spiral elements used in the opening sequence. The raw footage was curated with the aid of graphic designer Saul Bass, and the final nearly two-minute-long sequence became the first computer-animated sequence in a feature film.[15][16]
Rendering of a planned highway1961In 1961, a 50-second vector animation of a car traveling up a planned highway at 110 km/h (70 mph) was created at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology on the BESK computer. The short animation was broadcast on November 9, 1961, on national television.[17][18]
Simulation of a Two-Gyro Gravity-Gradient Attitude Control System1963Edward E. Zajac, a researcher at Bell Labs, used an IBM computer to create a short showing a communication satellite orbiting Earth.[19]
Boeing Man1964William Fetter, a graphic designer working for Boeing, created the first wireframe animation.[20]
Hypercube1965A groundbreaking animation made by A. Michael Noll using an IBM 7094. Shows two 4-D cubes on each side.
Hummingbird1967A ten-minute computer-animated film by Charles Csuri and James Shaffer. This was awarded a prize at the 4th annual International Experimental Film Competition in Brussels, Belgium and in the collection of The Museum of Modern Art, New York City. The subject was a line drawing of a hummingbird for which a sequence of movements appropriate to the bird was programmed. Over 30,000 images comprising some 25 motion sequences were generated by the computer.[21][22]
FlexipedeThe first entertainment cartoon. Made by Tony Pritchett on the Atlas Computer Laboratory near Oxford and first shown publicly at the Cybernetic Serendipity exhibition in 1968.
Kitty1968A group of Soviet mathematicians and physicists headed by Nikolay Konstantinov created a mathematically computable model of the physics of a moving cat. The algorithms were programmed on the BESM-4 computer. The computer then printed hundreds of frames to be later converted to film.[23][24][25] An accompanying scientific paper describes the foundation of the employed physics simulation techniques that nowadays are commonly applied to animation films and computer games.[26]
Metadata1971This is an experimental 2D-animated short drawn on a data tablet by Peter Foldes, who used the world's first key-frame animation software, invented by Nestor Burtnyk and Marceli Wein.[27][28][29][30]
The Andromeda StrainFirst use of digital rendering within a feature film. A diagram of the underground laboratory was created using 2D planes and a complex wireframe cylindrical core.[31]
Out of the UnknownProduced by Charles McGhie, some early computer-generated imagery (CGI) techniques were combined with stop-motion and real-time visual effects to create the opening title sequence for the show's fourth and final series.
Willy Wonka & the Chocolate FactoryFirst use of Scanimate in a feature film. The analog computer animation system was used to create sing-along segments for the Oompa Loompa song after Augustus Gloop and Veruca Salt get their comeuppance for their respective vices.[32] Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2016.
A Computer Animated Hand1972Directed by Ed Catmull, the short demonstrates a computer-animated hand, as well as human faces. Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2009.
Westworld1973First use of digital 2D computer animation in a significant entertainment feature film. The point of view of Yul Brynner's gunslinger was achieved with raster graphics.[33][31]
Faces (Faces & Body Parts)1974Fred Parke's thesis film on facial modeling at the University of Utah.[34]
'1974An alien in the movie was created with CGI.[35]
Great1975The Academy Award-winning 1975 short film about the life of the Victorian engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel contains a brief sequence of a rotating wire-frame model of Brunel's final project, the iron steamship SS Great Eastern.
1976–present
FilmYearNotes
Logan's Run1976Used Scanimate to create the forcefield in the Carousel sequence.
FutureworldFirst use of digital 3D computer graphics for animated hand and face. Used 2D digital compositing to materialize characters over a background.[31]
Hobart Street SceneFirst use of a 3D hidden-line removal movie depicting an architectural street scene.[36][37] It shows the planned Crown Courts in Hobart in 1976 and was used for planning approval. The buildings still exist today.
Demon Seed1977Used raster wire-frame model rendering for the Proteus IV's monitors.
Star WarsUsed an 3D animated wire-frame graphic for the trench run briefing sequence on Yavin 4. Added to the United States National Film Registry in 1989.
Alien1979Used raster wire-frame model rendering for navigation monitors in the landing sequence.[31] Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2001.
The Black HoleUsed raster wire-frame model rendering for the opening credits depicting a 3D wire-frame of a black hole.[38]
Looker1981First computer-generated model of a whole human body. Also, first use of 3D-shaded CGI.[38][39]
The Works1982The New York Institute of Technology Computer Graphics Lab debuted a trailer at SIGGRAPH for their CGI project. This would have been the first feature-length CGI film, but it was never completed.
Star Trek II: The Wrath of KhanIndustrial Light & Magic (ILM) computer graphics division develops "Genesis Effect", the first use of a fractal-generated landscape in a film.[40] Bill Reeves leads the Genesis Effect programming team, and creates a new graphics technique called "Particle Systems". Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2024.
TronFirst extensive use of CGI including the Light Cycle sequence.[41] Also includes very early facial animation (for the Master Control Program). A sequence of 15 minutes of the film was fully computer-generated.
Return of the Jedi1983First Star Wars film to use shaded CGI. Translucent shaded models were used for the holographic diagram of the second Death Star orbiting Endor during the Rebel briefing sequence. Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2021.
Rock & RuleFirst animated film to use CGI graphics.[42]
Golgo 13First Japanese animated film to include CGI sequences.[43] Entirely digital models of revolvers, skeletons, helicopters, and skyscrapers (created by Toyo Links Corporation and Osaka University's CGI division) are used in the film's title sequence and part of the climax; the remainder of the film is traditionally animated by Tokyo Movie Shinsha.
Dream FlightFirst 3D-generated film telling a story, shown in the Electronic Theater at SIGGRAPH 1983.
The Last Starfighter1984Uses CGI for all spaceship shots, replacing classic models. First use of "integrated CGI" where the visual effects are supposed to represent real-world objects.[42]
Lensman: Secret of The LensUses CGI for spaceships and other scenes.
The Adventures of André and Wally B.Lucasfilm's computer animation company creates an all-CGI-animated short. The first CGI animation with motion blur effects and squash and stretch motion.
2010: The Year We Make ContactJupiter's turbulent atmosphere is CGI-rendered, mostly during the black spot shots.
Tony de Peltrie1985First CGI-animated human character to express emotion through his face and body language.[44]
Weird ScienceFirst use of Perlin noise in a feature film.[45]
The Jetsons & Yogi's Treasure HuntThe first animated series to use digital ink and paint.
Young Sherlock HolmesLucasfilm Ltd. creates the first photorealistic CGI character, "stained glass knight" with 10 seconds of screentime.[46][47] First digitally created matte painting. First use of digital compositing in a feature film.
"Money for Nothing"The first CGI music video.[47] The animators would go on to found Mainframe Entertainment.
Labyrinth1986First realistic CGI animal.[47]
The Great Mouse DetectiveThe first Disney film to extensively use computer animation, notably for the two-minute clock tower sequence.
Flight of the NavigatorThe first use of reflection mapping in a feature film, used for the flying alien spacecraft.[47]
Howard the DuckFirst digital wire removal in a feature film.[47] First use of the Pixar Image Computer in film.[48]
Luxo Jr.First use of shadows in CGI, made with the specially developed software Photorealistic Renderman. First Pixar film, and first CGI short film to be nominated for an Academy Award. Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2015.
Star Trek IV: The Voyage HomeFirst use of the Cyberware 3D scanner, first 3D morphing.[47]
The Golden ChildFirst use of primitive photorealistic morphing.[49]
Captain Power and the Soldiers of the Future1987First TV series to include characters modeled entirely with computers.
KnightmareFirst game show with interaction between humans and computer-generated surroundings.
Rendez-vous in MontrealFirst 3D-generated film involving virtual actors Marilyn Monroe and Humphrey Bogart.
Willow1988First extensive photorealistic use of CGI morphing effects in a feature film.[50]
AkiraCGI is used to animate the pattern indicator, to plot the paths of falling objects, model parallax effects on backgrounds, and tweak lighting and lens flares.[43]
Tin ToyFirst CGI-animated short film to win an Academy Award. Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2003.
The Abyss1989First digital CGI water visual effects.[51] Final use of analog compositing for the majority of visual effects.
The Jim Henson HourTV series with real-time and rendered CGI featuring digitally puppeteered CGI character "Waldo".
Back to the Future Part IIUses VistaGlide and digital compositing to make Michael J. Fox appear onscreen as three different characters simultaneously.[52] First digitally manipulated matte painting.
Les Fables géométriquesFirst broadcast series of CGI-animated shorts.
The Hunt for Red October1990An early use of particle effects to integrate realistic bubble trails and water flow into miniature shots. Scott E. Anderson wrote the code for the dedicated particle system, psys, that created the effects.[53]
Total RecallUse of motion-capture for CGI characters. This primitive form of motion-capture involved tracing the animation of CGI skeleton models by hand over footage of the performers.
RoboCop 2An early use of real-time computer graphics or "digital puppetry" to create a character in a motion picture.[52]
Die Hard 2First animated digitally manipulated matte painting.[51]
GhostAn early use of CGI to create characters that interact with live actors.
The Rescuers Down UnderFirst 2D-animated film to be produced with solely digital ink and paint (CAPS). First fully-digital feature film.
Backdraft1991First use of photorealistic CGI fire in a motion picture.[52]
Terminator 2: Judgment DayFirst realistic human movements on a CGI character.[51] The first computer-generated main character and the first blockbuster movie to feature multiple morphing effects.[52] First use of a personal computer to create the main movie's 3D effects. Added to the National Film Registry in 2023.
Fire BeastAn experimental CGI short that featured the first-ever digital rendering of fur, using a digital differential analyzer.[54]
QuarxsOne of the earliest CGI-animated series.
The Lawnmower Man1992First feature film to use computer animation to explore the subject of virtual reality. First virtual reality sex scene.[55] First use of motion-capture involving the recording of a performer's movements into a 3D space as opposed to keyframe animation.[56]
The BabeFirst computer-generated crowds.
Death Becomes HerFirst human skin CGI software.[51]
The Muppet Christmas CarolFirst use of a greenscreen for digital chroma key compositing in a feature film.
Babylon 51993First television series to use CGI as the primary method for its visual effects. First TV use of virtual sets.
The Incredible Crash DummiesFirst fully CGI-animated TV special.
Jurassic ParkFirst photorealistic CGI dinosaurs.[51] First digital face replacement.[57] Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2018.
Live & KickingFirst TV program to feature a live computer-generated character as part of its cast.
VeggieTalesFirst completely CGI-animated direct-to-video release.
Insektors[58]First fully computer-animated TV series. First use of character animation in a computer-animated television series.
The Crow1994First deceased actor (Brandon Lee) to be recreated through CGI.
The FlintstonesFirst realistic CGI-rendered fur.[51]
The MaskFirst use of CGI to transform a live actor into a photorealistic cartoon character.
ReBootFirst half-hour computer-animated TV series.[59]
Radioland MurdersFirst use of virtual CGI sets with live actors.[60]
Casper1995First CGI main character in a feature-length live-action film, and first CGI characters to interact realistically with live actors.
Batman ForeverFirst CGI stunt doubles, created through motion-capture.
WaterworldFirst realistic CGI water.[51]
CasinoFirst use of digital compositing to create a period-appropriate setting, and first use of radiosity lighting in a feature film.
Toy StoryFirst CGI feature-length film. Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2005.
Cassiopeia1996First non-Pixar feature-length CGI animation and first CGI feature film not to use scanned models for heads. First Brazilian CGI feature animation. Produced and released by NDR Filmes.
TwisterFirst realistic CGI natural disaster, created using particle effects.
DragonheartFirst 2D all-CGI backgrounds with live-actors. First film to use ILM's Caricature software (created during the film's production).
The Island of Dr. MoreauFirst film to use motion-capture to portray a CGI character.
Donkey Kong CountryFirst half-hour computer-animated TV series to use performance-capture for its characters.
Beast Wars: TransformersFirst CGI Transformers animated series produced by Mainframe Entertainment. Sequel to the original Transformers.
Star Wars (Episodes IV, V and VI Special Editions)1997First re-release of a film to include CGI characters and elements.
Marvin the Martian in the Third DimensionFirst CGI film created for viewing with 3D glasses.
SpawnFirst extensive use of CGI fire in a feature film beyond sweetening. First film to integrate a CGI fabric onto a character's costume.[61]
TitanicFirst wide-release feature film with CGI elements rendered under the open-source Linux operating system.[62] Also included a number of advances, specifically in the rendering of flowing water.
A Bug's Life1998First CGI anamorphic widescreen film. First all-digital transfer to DVD. First film to be reframed for home video releases.
AntzFirst DreamWorks Animation CGI feature-length film in the U.S.
Invasion: EarthFirst major use of digital effects in a British TV series.
What Dreams May ComeFirst use of CGI in combination with 3D location scanning (Lidar) and motion-analysis based 3D camera tracking in a feature film.
Fight Club1999First photogrammetry based virtual cinematography scenes, including the first bullet time sex scene with fully naked body renderings of body doubles for Helena Bonham Carter and Brad Pitt; renderings of different settings with both extreme close-ups and wide shots; and the first very photorealistic close-up rendering of a human face - which also belongs to a famous actor in a leading role (Edward Norton) - with detailed facial deformation and extreme close-ups (starting at the cell-level of the brain, flying through the different layers of tissues, a follicle and the skin with sweat droplets).
The MatrixFirst use of CGI interpolation with bullet time effects. Added to the National Film Registry in 2010.
Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom MenaceFirst film to have a fully CGI-rendered supporting character using performance footage captured on-set, pioneering this commonly used technique. Extensive use of CGI for thousands of shots, including backgrounds, visual effects, vehicles, and crowds.
Sinbad: Beyond the Veil of Mists2000First feature-length film to be created using motion-capture technology.
Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within2001First CGI feature-length digital film to be made based on photorealism and live-action principles. The first theatrically released feature film to utilize motion-capture for all of its characters' actions.[63]
Jimmy Neutron: Boy GeniusFirst CGI feature-length movie made using off-the-shelf hardware and software.
ShrekFirst CGI-animated movie to win an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature Film. Added to the United States National Film Registry in 2020.
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the RingFirst use of AI for digital actors (using the Massive software developed by Weta Digital).
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers2002First virtual actor to win an award (Critics' Choice Movie Awards by Andy Serkis playing Gollum), in the newly-created category Best Digital Acting Performance.
Spider-ManFirst digitally-rendered photorealistic costume.
Ice AgeFirst CGI full-length feature animated film exclusively rendered with a ray tracer (CGI Studio).[64]
The Matrix Reloaded2003The Burly Brawl - the first use of "universal capture", the combination of markerless motion capture, per-frame texture capture and optical flow of pixels over the data from 7 camera setup bought into a shared UV space by projection onto a neutral expression geometry leading to the introduction of realistic digital look-alikes.
Able Edwards2004First movie was shot completely on a greenscreen using digitally scanned images as backgrounds.
OlocoonsFirst CGI-animated series to use cel-shaded designs and backgrounds mixed with 2D elements.
Shrek 2First feature film to use global illumination.[65]
Sky Captain and the World of TomorrowFirst movie with all-CGI backgrounds and live actors.[66]
Chicken Little2005First feature-length CGI-animated film released in 3D.
Elephants Dream2006First CGI short movie released as completely open source. Made with open-source software, theatrical and DVD release under Creative Commons License.[67] Unique that all 3D models, animatics and software are included on the DVD free for any use.
Flatland2007First CGI feature film to be animated by one person. Made with Lightwave 3D and Adobe After Effects.[68]
Plumíferos2009First CGI feature-length movie made using open source/free software for all 3D models, animation, lighting and render process, under Linux operating system.
AvatarFirst full-length movie made using motion-capture to create photorealistic 3D characters and to feature a fully CGI 3D photorealistic world. The first virtual art department and complete virtual production pipeline was developed by director James Cameron and team to create the film in real-time.
UpFirst CGI-animated feature to be nominated for Academy Award for Best Picture.
Toy Story 32010First CGI-animated feature to gross $1 Billion dollars.
Oblivion2013First-ever use of a virtual production set on a feature film.
Zafari2018First television series produced entirely using a game engine (specifically Unreal Engine 4).
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-VerseFirst feature film to heavily use machine learning on artist-generated original data to aid production.[69]
The Mandalorian2019First usage of a 360-degree LED screen to combine virtual sets with live-action actors.
Avatar: The Way of Water2022First use of motion-capture in underwater photography.

Format, process and sound

YearMilestoneWorkNotes
1920Animation produced using a photographic color processThe Debut of Thomas CatUsing the Brewster Color process.
1923Synchronized sound animationsN/ALee De Forest premiered a program of 18 short films using the Phonofilm sound-on-film process at the Rivoli Theater in New York City.[70]
1928Fully synchronized sound and post-produced soundtrackSteamboat WillieA click track was used to set the same tempo for animation and soundtrack (Mickey Mousing).
1931Feature-length film with synchronized soundPeludópolisConsidered lost.
1932Animation to use the three-strip Technicolor processFlowers and Trees
1937Animation to use Disney's multiplane cameraThe Old Mill, short film.A predecessor of the multiplane technique had already been used for The Adventures of Prince Achmed. Ub Iwerks had developed an early version of the multiplane camera in 1934 for his The Headless Horseman Comicolor Cartoon.[71]
First animated feature film to use three-strip TechnicolorSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs
1940Animation to use stereophonic soundFantasiaRecorded in Fantasound with 33 microphones on eight channels, but the reproduction of multi-channel Fantasound in theaters was eventually more limited than intended
1951Stereoscopic 3D animationsNow is the Time & Around is AroundAbstract dual-strip stereoscopic short films by Norman McLaren for the Festival of Britain[72]
1952Animated feature film presented in 3DBwana Devil
1953Animation presented in widescreen formatToot, Whistle, Plunk and BoomShort film; developed and released in CinemaScope.
1955Animated feature in widescreen formatLady and the Tramp
1957Animated TV series broadcast in colorColonel Bleep
1959Syncro-Vox in animationClutch Cargo
1960First animation to use xerography (replacing hand inking)Goliath II
1961Animated feature film to use xerography processOne Hundred and One Dalmatians
1978Animated feature presented in VistaVisionLupin the 3rd: The Mystery of MamoProcess adapted for animation as "Anime Vision".[73]
Animated feature to be presented in Dolby soundWatership Down
19833D feature film – stereoscopic techniqueAbra Cadabra
Animated TV series to be recorded in Stereo soundInspector Gadget
1989TV cartoon to be broadcast in Dolby Surround sound.Hanna-Barbera's 50th: A Yabba Dabba Doo Celebration
1995Animated television series to be broadcast in Dolby SurroundPinky and the Brain
2000Animated feature presented in IMAXFantasia 2000
2007Animated feature presented in 7.1 surround soundUltimate AvengersBlu-ray release
2008Animated feature designed, created and released exclusively in 3DFly Me to the Moon
2009Animated feature directly produced in stereoscopic 3D rather than converted in 3DMonsters vs. AliensCompletion using InTru3D
2010Animated feature released theatrically in 7.1 surround soundToy Story 3
2022Animated feature film to aspect ratio opened up in IMAXLightyearIt opened up from 2.39:1 to 1.43:1 for select sequences of the film.[74]
2024Animated series with IMAX aspect ratioMax & the MidknightsOpened from 2.39:1 to 1.43:1 for select sequences.
First animated feature film in 2:1 aspect ratioMoana 2

Reception

Accolades

YearMilestoneWorkNotes
1933First animation to win Best Animated Short Film at the Academy AwardsFlowers and Trees
1938First animated feature to be nominated an Academy AwardSnow White and the Seven Dwarfsrepresenting Best Original Score; it also received an Academy Honorary Award for Walt Disney.
1941First animation to win competitive Academy AwardsPinocchiorepresenting Best Original Song and Original Score
1951First animated feature to win Golden BearCinderellaEach award have genre-specific categories in only a year.
1961First animated TV series nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy SeriesThe FlintstonesAs of 2025, no animated series has won.
1989First animated feature nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or ComedyThe Little MermaidIt has currently nominated several films until 2006, which lasted The Incredibles in 2004.
1993First animated feature to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or ComedyBeauty and the BeastIt has currently won other two films until 2006, these including The Lion King and Toy Story 2.
First animated feature nominated for the Academy Award for Best PictureAs of 2025, no animated feature has won.
1994First animated feature nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual EffectsThe Nightmare Before Christmas
1998First animated feature to win Japan Academy Film Prize for Picture of the YearPrincess Mononoke[75]
2002First Academy Award for Best Animated Feature winnerShrekMonsters, Inc. and Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius were also nominated.
2005First animated feature to win Academy Award for Best Sound EditingThe Incredibles
2009First animated documentary nominated for the Academy Award for Best International Feature FilmWaltz with Bashir[76]As of 2025, no animated film has won.
2010First animated feature nominated for the Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best PictureRPG Metanoia[77]As of 2025, no animated film has won, although received a second runner-up prize instead.
2015First animated feature to win Venice Film Festival for Grand Jury PrizeAnomalisa[78]
2022First animated documentary nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature FilmFlee[79]It also nominated in the Best International Feature and Best Animated Feature categories, becoming the first film ever to be nominated in all three of those categories.
2024First animated feature to win Gawad Urian for Best FilmIti Mapukpukaw[80]

Box office records

YearMilestoneFilmNotes
1992First animated film to gross over $400 millionSnow White and the Seven Dwarfsgross $418 million
1993First animated feature to earn $500 million worldwide[81]Aladdingross $504 million
1994First animated feature to earn $750 million worldwide[82]The Lion Kinggross $768 million
1995First CGI animated film to gross over $250, $300 millionToy Storygross $362 million
1998First CGI animated film to gross over $363 millionA Bug's Life
1999First CGI animated film to gross over $400 millionToy Story 2gross $485 million
2001first CGI animated film to gross over $500 millionMonsters, Inc.gross $525.4 million
2003first animated film to gross over $800 millionFinding Nemogross $867 million
2004first animated film to gross over $900 millionShrek 2gross $924 million
2010First animated feature to earn $1 billion worldwide[83]Toy Story 3It is currently the highest-grossing G-rated film from 2010 to 2019, only to be surpassed by another sequel, Toy Story 4.
2013First animated feature to earn $1.25 billion worldwideFrozengross $1.29 billion
2019First animated feature to earn $1.5 billion worldwideThe Lion King (2019)Walt Disney Pictures, which produced the film, considered it to be live-action despite the entire film (aside from its opening shot) being computer animated.[84] Other sources deemed it to be animated based on specified criteria.[85] gross $1.66 billion
2020First non-American animated film to topped the annual global box officeDemon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Movie: Mugen TrainIt also the first R-rated animated film to earn $200 to 500 million worldwide, surpassing the previous R-rated film Sausage Party (2016) with $140 million worldwide, which makes Demon Slayer: Mugen Train three times larger than the former in a box-office gross for a R-rated animated film, making it a rare feat.[86] It was the only non-American animated film to top the global box office for five years.
2024First animated feature film to earn $1.675 billion worldwideInside Out 2Currently the highest-grossing Pixar film of all time as well as the second highest-grossing animated film of all time which was surpassed by Ne Zha 2.
First animated feature film to earn over $200 million at its 5-day opening weekendMoana 2It became the highest-grossing animated feature film of its opening weekend by making over $200 million.
2025First non-Hollywood animated feature film to earn $1 billion worldwide
First animated feature film to earn $2 billion worldwide		Ne Zha 2It earned $2 billion in China and worldwide and is currently the highest-grossing animated feature film of all time.
First R-rated non-American and animated film to gross over $600 million markDemon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Movie: Infinity CastleIt also grossed over $700 million mark, surpassing the non-American live-action Detective Chinatown 3.

Other milestones

YearMilestoneNotes
1924First pornographic animationThe Virgin with the Hot Pants, opening sequence for a stag film.
1928Fully pornographic animated filmEveready Harton in Buried Treasure
1932First hentai animationSuzumi-bune; first established with the term hentai, a Japanese animation and literature pornography.
1942First film to use limited animation extensivelyThe Dover Boys at Pimento University
1950First animated TV seriesCrusader Rabbit
1960First primetime animated TV seriesThe Flintstones[87]
1961First animation to combine various typesConversation in Space. combines with collage and paint
1962First animated Christmas-themed TV specialMr. Magoo's Christmas Carol[88][89]
1963First computer-generated (CGI) moving imageSimulation of a Two-Gyro Gravity-Gradient Attitude Control System by Edward E. Zajac at Bell Labs; animated line drawings for scientific purposes.
1964First animated feature film based on a TV seriesHey There, It's Yogi Bear!
First stop-motion television specialRudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
1966First animated Halloween-themed TV specialIt's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown
1969First X-rated animated feature filmA Thousand and One Nights, Japanese anime hit. Pornographic animations had already been made for the phénakisticope and the short film The Virgin with the Hot Pants (c. 1924)
1972First CGI characterA Computer Animated Hand by Edwin Catmull and Fred Parke at University of Utah
1973First PG-rated animated filmFantastic Planet
First use of CGI in a feature filmWestworld; used pixelated image processing to simulate robot vision.
1974First R-rated animated feature filmThe Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat
1976First CGI short filmHunger (La Faim)
1978First animated feature film to premiere on televisionTadhana. It was broadcast once on Philippine channels GMA 7, RPN 9, and IBC 13 to commemorate the sixth anniversary of martial law, and was never released commercially in theaters until 2020s.[90][91][92][93]
1981First motion capture characterAdam Powers, The Juggler. The character was motion captured by Ken Rosenthal, a real juggler.[94]
1982First direct-to-video animated feature filmThe Wizard of Oz
1983First direct-to-video animated series and original video animationDallos
1985First PG-13 rated animated filmThe Plague Dogs. Released in 1982, theatrically without a rating in the United States; home-video releases instead given a PG-13 rating in 1985, one year after the introduction of that rating.[95]
1986First non-narrative animated feature filmSophie's Place
1992First feature-length animated film released directly to home video in the United StatesTiny Toon Adventures: How I Spent My Vacation
1993First NC-17 rated animated filmUrotsukidoji: Legend of the Overfiend
1993First CGI seriesVeggieTales
1994First CGI TV seriesInsektors
1995First CGI feature filmToy Story. Faced challenges over CGI feature films meant to be the first, which includes The Works and Cassiopeia.
1997First animated series produced for the Internet[96]The Goddamn George Liquor Program
First CGI TV specialSanta vs. the Snowman
1998First PG-rated CGI animated filmAntz. The first two CGI films (Toy Story and Cassiopeia) and were G-rated.
2004First cel-shaded 3D animationAppleseed
2005First animated feature film shot with digital still camerasCorpse Bride. It was shot with Canon EOS-1D Mark II digital SLRs, rather than the 35 mm film cameras used for The Nightmare Before Christmas.
2007First animated feature film developed by one personFlatland. Filmmaker Ladd Ehlinger Jr. animated in Lightwave 3D and edited the film[97] by himself over the course of two years,[98] starting in 2005.[99]
2009Stop-motion character animated using rapid prototypingCoraline
2012Stop-motion film to use color 3-D printing technology for modelsParaNorman
2013First animated TV series solely created by a non-binary personSteven Universe on Cartoon Network.[100] Created by Rebecca Sugar, also the first woman to solely create a series on that network.[101]
2016First R-rated 3D computer-animated filmSausage Party. While most previous R-rated animated films are 2D traditional, Sausage Party is officially recognized as the first R-rated fully CGI to be rated by MPA in years.[102]
2017First fully-painted animated feature filmLoving Vincent. 75% of it was animated using paint and brush to canvas in present after van Gogh's death, while the other 25% was also animated using paint and brush through rotoscoping, which only appears in flashbacks.[103]
2024First animated feature film made completely with AIDreadClub: Vampire's Verdict. All visuals, performances, sound, music, and animation are AI-generated. July 2024.[104]
First animated feature film converted from planned TV series.Moana 2; Originally planned as a Disney+ series, converted to film due to the first film's 2023 streaming success.

See also

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