| Organiser | CONCACAF |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1991 (age 35)[1][2] |
| Region | North America Central America Caribbean |
| Number of teams | 16 41 (qualifiers) |
| Current champions | Mexico (10th title) |
| Most successful team | Mexico (10 titles) |
| Related comps | CONCACAF Championship |
| Website | concacaf.com/gold-cup |
| Current | 2027 CONCACAF Gold Cup |
| American | yes |
The CONCACAF Gold Cup (Spanish: Copa Oro CONCACAF / French: Coupe d'or de la CONCACAF) is an association football competition organized by CONCACAF as its premier continental tournament for men's senior national teams from North America, Central America and the Caribbean. The tournament is held every two years with its inaugural edition in 1991.[1] It is the direct successor competition of the CONCACAF Championship (1963–1989).
So far, three national teams have won the tournament: Mexico (10 times), the United States (7), and Canada (1). All of them are member associations of the North American Football Union (NAFU).
History
NAFC and CCCF Championships (precursor competitions)
Association football in the continent was divided into two regional confederations, which were the two predecessor confederations of CONCACAF before its founding in 1961. The two governing bodies consisted of the Confederación Centroamericana y del Caribe de Fútbol (CCCF) founded in 1938 as the former governing body of football in Central America and Caribbean, and the North American Football Confederation (NAFC) founded in 1946 as the former governing body of football in North America (United States, Mexico, Canada, and Cuba). Each confederation held its own premier regional competition for senior national teams. The CCCF Championship was held 10 times, from 1941 to 1961 with Costa Rica winning seven titles, and also El Salvador, Haiti and Panama winning one title each. The NAFC Championship was held twice (1947 and 1949) with Mexico winning both titles.[3]
CONCACAF Championship (1963–1989)
CONCACAF was founded in 1961 through the merging of NAFC and CCCF which resulted in a single championship being held for the continent. The first CONCACAF tournament was held in 1963 in El Salvador with Costa Rica becoming the first champion. The CONCACAF Campeonato de Naciones, as it was called, was held every two years from 1963 to 1973. The second tournament was held in Guatemala in 1965 when Mexico defeated the host country in the final of a six-team tournament. The 1967 competition was held in Honduras and saw a third champion crowned, Guatemala. Costa Rica won their second title as hosts in 1969, knocking off Guatemala, while two years later, Mexico won their second championship as the tournament moved to Trinidad and Tobago, the first time in the Caribbean. In 1973, the tournament kept the same format of six teams playing a single round-robin, but there were bigger stakes attached: CONCACAF's berth in the FIFA World Cup tournament in 1974. In Port-au-Prince, Haiti, the host country pulled off an upset by winning the tournament and claiming a spot in the World Cup in West Germany.
With the Campeonato de Naciones doubling as the final World Cup qualifying tournament, the next two editions were held in Mexico City and Tegucigalpa, Honduras in 1977 and 1981, respectively. In each case the host country was crowned champion and earned a spot in the World Cup. In 1985 and 1989, the winner of the World Cup qualifying tournament was again crowned Confederation champion. Canada and Costa Rica were named champions in 1985 and 1989, receiving a trophy.[4][better source needed]
CONCACAF Gold Cup (1991–present)
In 1990, CONCACAF renamed and restructured the CONCACAF Championship as the CONCACAF Gold Cup, with the United States hosting the first competition in 1991, and hosting or co-hosting every subsequent iteration of the tournament (as of 2025). The host country was the inaugural champion of the eight-team tournament. Mexico dominated the remainder of the decade, winning three consecutive CONCACAF Gold Cup titles in 1993, 1996 and 1998.
In 1996, the Gold Cup field included its first guest team, the defending FIFA World Cup Champions Brazil. Guests were invited to participate in the six Gold Cup tournaments from 1996 to 2005. Starting with the 2000 Gold Cup, the tournament field was increased to twelve teams and for the 2007 tournament, the Gold Cup again was contested exclusively by nations within CONCACAF.
The 2007 Gold Cup hosts successfully defended their title beating Mexico in the final 2–1 in Chicago; Canada and Guadeloupe shared third place. Mexico won the 2009 Gold Cup by beating the United States 5–0. In the 2011 Gold Cup, Mexico defeated the USA 4–2 in the final while the USA won the 2013 Gold Cup by beating Panama 1–0.
Before 2015, when the Gold Cup did not fall in the same year as the FIFA Confederations Cup, the winner, or highest-placed team that is a member of both CONCACAF and FIFA, qualified for the next staging of that tournament. In 2015, the winners of the previous two Gold Cups (the 2013 and 2015 editions) faced each other in CONCACAF Cup – a playoff to determine the CONCACAF entrant to the 2017 Confederations Cup.[5][6]
In January 2017, Victor Montagliani announced the expansion of the Gold Cup from 12 to 16 teams, starting with the 2019 tournament.[7] CONCACAF Nations League was introduced in 2018 as a secondary national team competition and as a qualifier for the Gold Cup.
Since the formation of the Gold Cup in 1991, the CONCACAF Championship has been won ten times by Mexico, seven times by the United States, and once by Canada. Runners-up include Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, and Jamaica. Also, every edition which had matches held outside the United States has been won by Mexico.
Format competition
The number of teams in the final tournament has gradually increased over the years. Each tournament has consisted of a round-robin group stage followed by a single-elimination knockout stage.
In the 2025 Gold Cup edition the extra time rule was abandoned, except for the final. When there is a draw it will go straight to a penalty shoot out.[8]
There has been interest from numerous sources to have the tournament held every four years to potentially increase the prestige, decrease player fatigue and better align with the European and South American calendars.[9][10]
| Year | Teams | Matches | Group stage | Final stages |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991–1993 | 8 | 16 | 2 groups of 4 teams | 4-team knockout (group winners and runners-up) |
| 1996 | 9 | 13 | 3 groups of 3 teams | 4-team knockout (group winners plus best runner-up) |
| 1998 | 10 | 16 | 3 groups of 3 or 4 teams | |
| 2000 | 12 | 19 | 4 groups of 3 teams | 8-team knockout (group winners and runners-up) |
| 2002–2003 | 20 | |||
| 2005–2013 | 25 | 3 groups of 4 teams | 8-team knockout (group winners and runners-up, plus 2 best 3rd-placed teams) | |
| 2015 | 26 | |||
| 2017 | 25 | |||
| 2019–present | 16 | 31 | 4 groups of 4 teams | 8-team knockout (group winners and runners-up) |
Results
;Keys
- a.e.t. — extra time
- g.g. — golden goal
- p — penalty shoot-out
- Notes
- ^ Both teams shared the third position after extra time as a penalty shoot-out was not held.
Performances
| Team | Champions | Runners-up | Third place | Fourth place | Semi-finalist | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mexico | 10 (1993, 1996, 1998, 2003, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2019, 2023, 2025) | 2 (2007, 2021) | 1 (1991) | 2 (2013, 2017) | 15 | |
| United States | 7 (1991, 2002, 2005, 2007, 2013, 2017, 2021) | 6 (1993, 1998, 2009, 2011, 2019, 2025) | 2 (1996, 2003) | 1 (2015) | 1 (2023) | 17 |
| Canada | 1 (2000) | 1 (2002) | 2 (2007, 2021) | 4 | ||
| Panama | 3 (2005, 2013, 2023) | 1 (2015) | 1 (2011) | 5 | ||
| Jamaica | 2 (2015, 2017) | 1 (1993) | 1 (1998) | 2 (2019, 2023) | 6 | |
| Brazil | 2 (1996[11], 2003[12]) | 1 (1998) | 3 | |||
| Costa Rica | 1 (2002) | 1 (1993) | 2 (1991, 2003) | 2 (2009, 2017) | 6 | |
| Honduras | 1 (1991) | 5 (2005, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2025) | 6 | |||
| Colombia | 1 (2000) | 1 (2005) | 2 | |||
| Guatemala | 1 (1996) | 1 (2025) | 2 | |||
| South Korea | 1 (2002) | 1 | ||||
| GLP | 1 (2007) | 1 | ||||
| Haiti | 1 (2019) | 1 | ||||
| Peru | 1 (2000) | 1 | ||||
| Qatar | 1 (2021) | 1 | ||||
| Trinidad and Tobago | 1 (2000) | 1 |
- Notes
Italic — Hosts
Debut of teams
As of 2025, a total of 33 teams have participated in the CONCACAF Gold Cup. Italicized teams in the table below are not members of CONCACAF; eight such nations have participated.
| Year | Debuting teams | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Teams | No. | CT | ||
| 1991 | Canada, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago, United States | 8 | 8 | |
| 1993 | MTQ, Panama | 2 | 10 | |
| 1996 | Brazil, El Salvador, SVG | 3 | 13 | |
| 1998 | Cuba | 1 | 14 | |
| 2000 | Colombia, Haiti, Peru, South Korea | 4 | 18 | |
| 2002 | Ecuador | 1 | 19 | |
| 2003 | None | 0 | 19 | |
| 2005 | South Africa | 1 | 20 | |
| 2007 | GLP | 1 | 21 | |
| 2009 | GRN, Nicaragua | 2 | 23 | |
| 2011 | None | 0 | 23 | |
| 2013 | BLZ | 1 | 24 | |
| 2015 | None | 0 | 24 | |
| 2017 | CUW, GUF | 2 | 26 | |
| 2019 | BER, GUY | 2 | 28 | |
| 2021 | SUR, Qatar | 2 | 30 | |
| 2023 | SKN | 1 | 31 | |
| 2025 | Dominican Republic, Saudi Arabia | 2 | 33 | |
Records and statistics
Champions' results in the Confederations Cup
| Qualified via | Year | Team | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 Gold Cup | 1992 | United States | Third place |
| 1993 Gold Cup | 1995 | Mexico | Third place |
| 1996 Gold Cup | 1997 | Mexico | Group stage (3rd) |
| 1998 Gold Cup (1st) | 1999 | Mexico | ' |
| 1998 Gold Cup (2nd) | United States | Third place | |
| 2000 Gold Cup | 2001 | Canada | Group stage (4th) |
| 2002 Gold Cup | 2003 | United States | Group stage (4th) |
| 2003 Gold Cup | 2005 | Mexico | Fourth place |
| 2007 Gold Cup | 2009 | United States | |
| 2011 Gold Cup | 2013 | Mexico | Group stage (3rd) |
| 2013 Gold Cup | 2017 | United States | DNQ[a] |
| 2015 Gold Cup | Mexico | Fourth place |
- ^ Lost qualifying play-off (CONCACAF Cup) to Mexico.
Awards
There are currently five post-tournament awards:[13]
- Best Player – for the best player throughout the tournament
- Top Scorer – for most prolific goal scorer
- Best Goalkeeper – for most outstanding goalkeeper
- Fair Play Award – for the team with the best record of fair play
- Young Player Award – for the best young player
Invitees
The 1996 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the first iteration to have a guest from a different confederation, Brazil from CONMEBOL. In spite of bringing their under-23 team, Brazil finished as runners-up to Mexico and outplaced seven teams from CONCACAF.[14] For the next decade, six countries from three confederations would make appearances in the Gold Cup, with seven of the eleven appearances finishing within the top four. Starting in 2007, CONCACAF would no longer invite guests from other confederations. This is primarily due to giving more opportunities from teams in the region to compete, as there was a rise in performances from the region hinted by the FIFA World Ranking.[15][16]
After a 16-year hiatus from guest nations, Qatar were invited and participated in the 2021 CONCACAF Gold Cup, losing in the semi-finals to the United States. Qatar also participated in the 2023 Gold Cup, where they lost 4–0 to Panama in the quarter-finals.[17]
Invitees nations record
| Team | Confederation | 1996 | 1998 | 2000 | 2002 | 2003 | 2005 | 2021 | 2023 | 2025 | Editions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | CONMEBOL | 2nd[18] | 3rd | – | – | 2nd | – | – | – | – | 3 |
| Colombia | CONMEBOL | – | – | 2nd | – | QF | SF | – | – | – | 3 |
| Peru | CONMEBOL | – | – | SF | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 |
| South Korea | AFC | – | – | GS | 4th | – | – | – | – | – | 2 |
| Ecuador | CONMEBOL | – | – | – | GS | – | – | – | – | – | 1 |
| South Africa | CAF | – | – | – | – | – | QF | – | – | – | 1 |
| Qatar | AFC | – | – | – | – | – | – | SF | QF | – | 2 |
| Saudi Arabia | AFC | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | QF | 1 |
Broadcasting and trophy
In Canada, OneSoccer streams all Gold Cup matches, while select matches also air on TSN and RDS through a co-production partnership. Spanish-language rights are sublicensed to TLN and Univision.[19] In Mexico it airs on Televisa and TV Azteca. In the United States, the CONCACAF Gold Cup airs on Fox Sports and TUDN (since 2000). CONCACAF also streams Gold Cup matches on YouTube with some geo-restrictions.
The Gold Cup trophy is awarded to the champions of the tournament. The design of the trophy has changed multiple times since its inaugural version but the original concept of a tall, gold-plated cup with angular handles remains mostly the same. Changes have included scaling down of the size as well as replacing the original flat rectangular base with an elevated round pedestal. The base includes engravings of the champion nation with the year in which they won the tournament.
See also
- Continental football championships
- CONCACAF Championship
- CONCACAF Nations League
- CCCF Championship
- NAFC Championship
References
- ^ "About Gold Cup". CONCACAF. 17 December 2020. Archived 2 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
- ^ "2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup – Technical Report". CONCACAF. 12 November 2007. p. 4. Archived from the original on 29 November 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
- ^ "CONCACAF: The Football Confederation". Archived 23 May 2002 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ "1985 Gabriel Kafaty Cup". Flickr. 3 April 2009. Archived 7 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
- ^ "2013, 2015 Gold Cup winners will meet for 2017 Confederations Cup spot". USA TODAY. April 5, 2013. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- ^ mlssoccer. "2013, 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup winners will play one-off match for 2017 Confederations Cup berth | MLSSoccer.com". mlssoccer. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
- ^ "Montagliani happy with 2016, sees big things for CONCACAF in new year". Jamaica Observer. 5 January 2017. Archived from the original on 2017-02-14. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
"Of course the Gold Cup is this year and it is the last edition of 12 teams as we will increase it to 16 for the 2019 version."
- ^ "Gold Cup 2025 overtime rules: When do matches go to extra time?". 2025-05-21. Retrieved 2025-06-29.
- ^ "The Concacaf Gold Cup's Big-Picture Prestige Problem—and a Potential Solution". Archived from the original on 2013-08-19. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
- ^ "Memo To Concacaf: Stop Holding The Gold Cup Every Two Years". Archived from the original on 2013-08-19. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
- ^ U-23 Represented
- ^ U-23 Represented
- ^ "CONCACAF Gold Cup Regulations 2023". CONCACAF. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
- ^ "CONCACAF Championship, Gold Cup 1996". Archived 3 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ "2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup to be an All-CONCACAF Event". SoCa Warriors Forum. Archived 1 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ "2007 Gold Cup Technical Report". ISSUU. 18 December 2013. Archived 1 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ "2021 Concacaf Gold Cup to include 2019 AFC Asian Cup Champions Qatar as guest participant". CONCACAF. 4 September 2020. Archived 11 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
- ^ U-23 Represented
- ^ "OneSoccer, TSN, RDS partner to bring 2025 Concacaf Gold Cup to fans across Canada". Toronto, ON: OneSoccer. June 13, 2025. Archived June 18, 2025 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved June 18, 2025.