For other uses, see Calypso (disambiguation).
CALIPSO
OperatorNASACNES
Websitewww-calipso.larc.nasa.gov
Cospar id2006-016A
Satcat29108
Dimensions1.49 by 1.84 by 2.31 m (4.9 by 6.0 by 7.6 ft)
Launch mass587 kilograms (1,294 lb)
Power562 W
Launch dateApril 28, 2006, 10:02:16 UTC
Launch rocketDelta 7420-10C D314
Launch siteVandenberg AFB SLC-2W
Orbit referenceGeocentric
Orbit regimeSun-synchronous
Orbit periapsis701 kilometers (436 mi)
Orbit apoapsis703 kilometers (437 mi)
Orbit eccentricity0.0001111
Orbit semimajor7,080.7 kilometres (4,399.7 mi)
Orbit inclination98.2176 degrees
Orbit period98.50 minutes
Orbit raan285.6451 degrees
Orbit arg periapsis80.3481 degrees
Orbit mean anomaly279.7840 degrees
Orbit mean motion14.57093780
Orbit rev number40530
Apsisgee

CALIPSO was a joint NASA (US) and CNES (France) environmental satellite, built in the Cannes Mandelieu Space Center, which was launched atop a Delta II rocket on April 28, 2006. Its name stands for Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations. CALIPSO launched alongside CloudSat.

Passive and active remote sensing instruments on board the CALIPSO satellite monitored aerosols and clouds 24 hours a day. CALIPSO was originally part of the "A-Train" alongside CloudSat[1][2], but moved to a lower orbit called the "C-Train" in 2018[3]. The mission ended on August 1, 2023 after over 17 years. Final passivation occurred on December 15, 2023.[4]

Mission

Three instruments:

  • Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) - a lidar that provided high-resolution vertical profiles of aerosols and clouds.
  • Wide Field Camera (WFC) - a modified version of the commercial off-the-shelf Ball Aerospace CT-633 Archived 2016-04-03 at the Wayback Machine star tracker camera. It was selected to match band 1 of the MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite.
  • Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR) - used to detect cirrus cloud emissivity and particle size. The CALIOP laser beam is aligned with the center of the IIR image to optimize joint CALIOP/IIR observations.

In February 2009, CALIPSO switched over to the redundant laser as scheduled. The primary laser achieved its mission goal of three years of successful operation, and the redundant laser has been performing beyond expectations.

The CALIPSO mission was granted extended mission status in June 2009. CALIPSO moved to the C-Train in 2018. The mission ended on August 1, 2023 due to lack of propellant.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ Winker, David M.; Vaughan, Mark A.; Omar, Ali; Hu, Yongxiang; Powell, Kathleen A.; Liu, Zhaoyan; Hunt, William H.; Young, Stuart A. (2009). "Overview of the CALIPSO Mission and CALIOP Data Processing Algorithms". Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 26 (11): 2310–2323. Bibcode:2009JAtOT..26.2310W. doi:10.1175/2009JTECHA1281.1. ISSN 1520-0426
  2. ^ Stephens, Graeme L.; Vane, Deborah G.; Boain, Ronald J.; Mace, Gerald G.; Sassen, Kenneth; Wang, Zhien; Illingworth, Anthony J.; O'connor, Ewan J.; Rossow, William B.; Durden, Stephen L.; Miller, Steven D.; Austin, Richard T.; Benedetti, Angela; Mitrescu, Cristian; the CloudSat Science Team (2002). "THE CLOUDSAT MISSION AND THE A-TRAIN: A New Dimension of Space-Based Observations of Clouds and Precipitation". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 83 (12): 1771–1790. doi:10.1175/BAMS-83-12-1771. ISSN 0003-0007
  3. ^ Braun, Barbara Manganis; Sweetser, Theodore H.; Graham, Clifford; Bartsch, Joseph (2019). "CloudSat's A-Train Exit and the Formation of the C-Train: An Orbital Dynamics Perspective". 2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference. pp. 1–10. doi:10.1109/AERO.2019.8741958. ISBN 978-1-5386-6854-2.
  4. ^ "Extinction du satellite CALIPSO". 26 December 2023.
  5. ^ "CALIPSO - INSTRUMENT UPDATE". NASA LARC. Archived from the original on 2010-03-16.