Premier
parliamentary
Election name1952 Quebec general election
CountryQuebec
Ongoingno
Party colourno
Party nameno
Previous election1948 Quebec general election
Previous year1948
Previous mps23rd Quebec Legislature
Next election1956 Quebec general election
Next year1956
Elected members24th Quebec Legislature
Seats for election92 seats in the 24th Legislative Assembly of Quebec
47 seats were needed for a majority
Election dateJuly 16, 1952
Leader 1Maurice Duplessis
Leader since 1June 20, 1936
Leaders seat 1Trois-Rivières
Last election 182 seats, 51.24%
Seats 168
Seat change 114
Percentage 150.5%
Swing 10.74pp
Leader 2Georges-Émile Lapalme
Leader since 2May 20, 1950
Leaders seat 2Ran in Joliette (defeated)
Last election 28 seats, 33.17%
Seats 223
Seat change 215
Percentage 245.77%
Swing 212.6pp
Before electionMaurice Duplessis
After electionMaurice Duplessis
PosttitlePremier after election

The 1952 Quebec general election was held on July 16, 1952, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Quebec, Canada. The incumbent Union Nationale, led by Maurice Duplessis, won re-election, defeating the Quebec Liberal Party, led by Georges-Émile Lapalme.

This was the fourth time (and the third in a row) that Duplessis led his party to a general election victory.

The number of seats won by the Liberals, and their share of the popular vote, were considerably increased over the previous election in 1948.

Campaign

Thérèse Casgrain became the first female leader of a Quebec political party, heading the CCF.

Of the 92 races, 56 were two-way contests between the two major parties:

Riding contests, by number of candidates (1952)[1]
CandidatesUNLibCCFI-UNI-LibIndLab-PrLbrPNTotal
25656112
32324118221172
4888222232
544442220
Total9192231084431236

Outcome

Henri Groulx (Montréal-Outremont) was the first candidate to learn that he had been reelected, but he died within an hour of hearing the news.[2] Georges-Émile Lapalme, who had lost his campaign to take Joliette,[3] would subsequently win the Outremont byelection held on July 9, 1953.[4]

There were two notable results that arose from the election:

  • From 1952 until the 1966 election, Frank Hanley (Montréal–Sainte-Anne) would be the only candidate outside the UN and Liberals to win a seat in the Legislature.
  • For the first time since the 1936 election, no party other than the UN and the Liberals received more than 1% of the popular vote. This would continue until 1966.

Results

[1] |- ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party ! rowspan=2 | Party leader ! colspan=4 | MLAs ! colspan=4 | Votes |- ! Candidates !1948 !1952 !± !# ! ± !% ! ± (pp)

|style="text-align:left;"|Maurice Duplessis | 91 || 82 || 68 || 14 || 847,983 ||72,236 || 50.50% || 0.75

|style="text-align:left;"|Georges-Émile Lapalme | 92 || 8 || 23 || 15 || 768,539 ||221,061 || 45.77% || 9.61

|style="text-align:left;"|Thérèse Casgrain | 23 || – || – || – || 16,039 ||7,023 || 0.96% || 0.36

|style="text-align:left;"| | style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|did not campaign |- |rowspan="7" |   |style="text-align:left;" colspan="10"|Other candidates |- |style="text-align:left;" | |style="text-align:left;"|  | 4 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 13,846 || 10,110 || 0.82% || 0.76 |- |style="text-align:left;" | |style="text-align:left;"| | 10 || – || – || – || 13,197 ||4,548 || 0.79% || 0.22 |- |style="text-align:left;" |Parti National[a 1] |style="text-align:left;"| | 1 || – || – || – || 9,734 ||New || 0.58% ||New |- |style="text-align:left;" | |style="text-align:left;"| | 8 || – || – || – || 4,966 ||1,998 || 0.30% || 0.10 |- |style="text-align:left;" | |style="text-align:left;"| | 4 || – || – || – || 3,932 || 967 || 0.23% || 0.09 |- |style="text-align:left;" | |style="text-align:left;"| | 3 || – || – || – || 1,027 || 71 || 0.06% || 0.01 |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total | 236 | 92 ! " colspan="2"| 92 ! " colspan="2"| 1,679,263 ! " colspan="2"| 100% |- | colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Rejected ballots | 25,648 | 7,720 | colspan="2"| |- | colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Voter turnout | 1,704,911 | 173,012 | 75.88 | 0.66 |- | colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Registered electors | 2,246,998 | 210,422 | colspan="2"| |}

  1. ^ contested by René Chaloult (Québec-Comté), who had previously won as an Independent in 1948. This was the only riding in which the UN did not field a candidate but Léopold Larochelle did campaign as an Independent Unionist.
  2. ^ including spoilt ballots

Vote and seat summaries

Seats and popular vote by party
PartySeatsVotesChange (pp)

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1952 Quebec general election[1][5]
RidingWinning partyTurnout
[a 2]
Votes
Name1948PartyVotesShareMargin
#
Margin
%
UNLibCCFIndPNI-UNI-LibLab-PrLabTotal
 
Abitibi-EstUNUN12,49757.01%3,07414.02%77.64%12,4979,423–––––––21,920
Abitibi-OuestUNUN6,71355.15%1,25410.30%87.83%6,7135,459–––––––12,172
ArgenteuilUNUN8,24867.92%4,35235.84%83.18%8,2483,896–––––––12,144
ArthabaskaUNUN9,00353.31%1,1196.63%91.17%9,0037,884–––––––16,887
BagotUNUN5,12657.78%1,38115.57%89.35%5,1263,745–––––––8,871
BeauceUNUN12,93958.21%3,64916.42%88.09%12,9399,290–––––––22,229
BeauharnoisUNUN10,96861.25%4,03022.51%82.95%10,9686,938–––––––17,906
BellechasseUNUN5,81454.65%9899.30%81.31%5,8144,825–––––––10,639
BerthierUNUN6,22551.14%2772.28%89.17%6,2255,948–––––––12,173
BonaventureUNUN8,87552.14%7304.29%87.00%8,8758,145–––––––17,020
BromeUNUN3,98260.57%1,55023.58%83.84%3,9822,432160––––––6,574
ChamblyUNUN18,48656.54%5,12015.66%74.16%18,48613,366846––––––32,698
ChamplainUNUN11,63459.94%3,86019.89%88.79%11,6347,774–––––––19,408
CharlevoixUNUN7,45462.64%3,13326.33%83.20%7,4544,321–––125–––11,900
ChâteauguayUNUN4,69153.70%6477.41%84.19%4,6914,044–––––––8,735
ChicoutimiUNUN29,57265.66%14,10631.32%83.35%29,57215,466–––––––45,038
ComptonUNUN6,34959.58%2,14020.08%83.85%6,3494,20998––––––10,656
Deux-MontagnesUNUN7,25774.97%4,99151.56%81.47%7,2572,266157––––––9,680
DorchesterUNUN9,76461.92%3,75823.83%85.58%9,7646,006–––––––15,770
DrummondUNLib11,87350.25%1180.50%88.97%11,75511,873–––––––23,628
FrontenacUNLib6,46451.13%2862.26%91.07%6,1786,464–––––––12,642
Gaspé-NordLibUN4,36452.45%4385.26%89.43%4,3643,926–––30–––8,320
Gaspé-SudUNUN8,47361.41%3,14822.81%84.66%8,4735,325–––––––13,798
GatineauUNUN8,26860.04%3,25123.61%77.36%8,2685,017–––486–––13,771
HullUNUN12,35460.73%5,04324.79%79.08%12,3547,311679––––––20,344
HuntingdonUNUN3,16252.11%2564.22%82.87%3,1622,906–––––––6,068
IbervilleUNUN3,59758.49%1,04416.98%85.98%3,5972,553–––––––6,150
Îles-de-la-MadeleineUNUN2,46357.99%67915.99%89.86%2,4631,784–––––––4,247
Jacques-CartierLibLib22,84753.70%4,79511.27%68.73%18,05222,8471,645––––––42,544
JolietteUNUN10,28157.88%2,79915.76%89.29%10,2817,482–––––––17,763
KamouraskaUNUN6,72359.65%2,17519.30%82.79%6,7234,548–––––––11,271
L'AssomptionUNUN6,16955.44%1,21110.88%88.55%6,1694,958–––––––11,127
L'IsletUNUN5,71857.10%1,42214.20%85.27%5,7184,296–––––––10,014
LabelleUNUN6,39458.97%1,94517.94%87.78%6,3944,449–––––––10,843
Lac-Saint-JeanUNUN8,18057.87%2,38516.87%85.78%8,1805,795–––161–––14,136
LavalUNUN34,65652.40%5,9729.03%66.97%34,65628,684771––2,031–––66,142
LavioletteUNUN9,59852.67%9725.33%82.44%9,5988,626–––––––18,224
LévisUNLib9,72550.26%990.51%85.35%9,6269,725–––––––19,351
LotbinièreUNUN6,70254.51%1,1089.01%89.61%6,7025,594–––––––12,296
MaisonneuveUNLib18,39349.93%6721.82%67.51%17,72118,393723––––––36,837
MaskinongéUNUN5,07453.82%7217.65%92.72%5,0744,353–––––––9,427
MataneUNUN10,24158.89%3,09317.79%86.76%10,2417,148–––––––17,389
MatapédiaUNUN6,79751.16%4273.21%87.46%6,7976,370–118–––––13,285
MéganticUNUN10,71051.38%5772.77%91.04%10,71010,133–––––––20,843
MissisquoiUNUN7,19161.42%2,67522.85%82.40%7,1914,516–––––––11,707
MontcalmUNUN4,14152.72%4285.45%88.19%4,1413,713–––––––7,854
MontmagnyUNUN6,40959.49%2,04518.98%83.13%6,4094,364–––––––10,773
MontmorencyUNUN5,89460.17%1,99220.33%86.92%5,8943,902–––––––9,796
Montréal–Jeanne-ManceUNLib22,66648.48%2,6185.60%62.83%20,04822,6661,849––2,194–––46,757
Montréal-LaurierUNUN14,59549.67%1,7916.10%67.20%14,59512,804436–––1,549––29,384
Montréal-MercierUNUN16,28051.88%3,21110.23%64.15%16,28013,0691,044–––986––31,379
Montréal–Notre-Dame-de-GrâceLibLib18,48964.83%11,51640.38%47.80%6,97318,4896342,066––359––28,521
Montréal-OutremontLibLib18,79461.01%8,48227.53%51.62%10,31218,794581––––1,119–30,806
Montréal–Saint-HenriUNLib19,25456.01%5,15314.99%72.54%14,10119,254562–––––46034,377
Montréal–Saint-JacquesUNUN11,04954.08%2,17810.66%60.43%11,0498,871230––––282–20,432
Montréal–Saint-LouisLibLib15,22650.36%3,75912.43%50.94%11,46715,226526–––7072,311–30,237
Montréal–Sainte-AnneIndInd11,21062.87%5,62131.52%55.29%4105,58944511,210––177––17,831
Montréal–Sainte-MarieUNLib15,01950.90%1,7736.01%66.85%13,24615,019218–––806220–29,509
Montréal-VerdunLibLib17,21962.17%10,04036.25%61.09%7,17917,2192,857–––––44327,698
Napierville-LaprairieUNUN7,09457.29%1,80614.59%88.47%7,0945,288–––––––12,382
NicoletUNUN7,19150.86%2421.71%85.60%7,1916,949–––––––14,140
PapineauUNUN11,70764.97%5,79432.15%84.33%11,7075,913400––––––18,020
PontiacUNUN5,79261.22%2,24723.75%83.90%5,7923,545124––––––9,461
PortneufUNUN10,66552.90%1,6768.31%85.94%10,6658,989–––508–––20,162
Québec-CentreUNUN9,59354.50%1,5859.01%76.09%9,5938,008–––––––17,601
Québec-ComtéIndLib11,23039.67%1,4965.28%83.11%–11,230––9,7347,344–––28,308
Québec-EstUNLib15,77851.12%8602.79%81.22%14,91815,778––––167––30,863
Québec-OuestUNLib8,78750.53%1831.05%79.16%8,6048,787–––––––17,391
RichelieuUNLib8,75152.88%9545.77%89.91%7,7978,751–––––––16,548
RichmondUNLib8,15651.07%3412.14%87.33%7,8158,156–––––––15,971
RimouskiUNUN9,21052.05%9815.54%83.69%9,2108,229–––256–––17,695
Rivière-du-LoupUNUN8,68951.15%4532.67%89.38%8,6898,236–––62–––16,987
RobervalUNUN11,47859.24%3,57918.47%87.64%11,4787,899–––––––19,377
RouvilleUNUN5,26358.77%1,57117.54%81.70%5,2633,692–––––––8,955
Rouyn-NorandaUNUN6,99852.55%6785.09%79.08%6,9986,320–––––––13,318
SaguenayUNUN8,97762.55%4,05428.25%75.34%8,9774,923–452–––––14,352
Saint-HyacintheUNUN9,54255.15%1,78310.31%78.19%9,5427,759–––––––17,301
Saint-JeanUNUN7,90160.64%2,77221.27%83.44%7,9015,129–––––––13,030
Saint-MauriceUNLib14,48957.91%3,96015.83%87.70%10,52914,489–––––––25,018
Saint-SauveurUNUN12,87757.02%3,29314.58%85.54%12,8779,584––––––12422,585
SheffordUNLib9,79250.59%2301.19%83.05%9,5629,792–––––––19,354
SherbrookeUNUN14,90555.77%3,48013.02%74.15%14,90511,425395––––––26,725
StansteadUNUN7,04750.32%910.65%75.60%7,0476,956–––––––14,003
TémiscamingueUNLib4,28452.72%4425.44%85.17%3,8424,284–––––––8,126
TémiscouataUNUN5,77652.92%6385.85%86.65%5,7765,138–––––––10,914
TerrebonneUNUN17,76355.91%3,97012.50%85.41%17,76313,793––––215––31,771
Trois-RivièresUNUN15,49360.64%5,43521.27%90.65%15,49310,058–––––––25,551
Vaudreuil-SoulangesUNUN7,23555.44%1,42010.88%83.14%7,2355,815–––––––13,050
VerchèresLibLib4,67353.97%6887.95%88.13%3,9854,673–––––––8,658
Westmount–Saint-GeorgesLibLib12,45575.99%9,17956.00%46.48%3,27612,455659––––––16,390
WolfeUNLib3,99550.42%660.83%92.33%3,9293,995–––––––7,924
YamaskaUNUN4,38259.29%1,37318.58%88.59%4,3823,009–––––––7,391
= open seat
= turnout is above provincial average
= winning candidate was in previous Legislature
= incumbent had switched allegiance
= other incumbents renominated

Analysis

Party candidates in 2nd place[1]
Party in 1st placeParty in 2nd placeTotal
UNLibNat
6868
22123
11
Total2269192
Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party[1]
Parties1st2nd3rd4th5thTotal
6822191
236992
134
11
156223
1010
4228
314
123
Resulting composition of the 24th Quebec Legislative Assembly[5]
SourceParty
UNLibIndTotal
Seats retainedIncumbents returned627170
Open seats held55
Seats changing handsIncumbents defeated11617
Total6823192

See also

References

  1. ^ Drouilly, Pierre (December 4, 2017). "Élections québécoises de 1952". donneesquebec.ca. Atlas des élections au Québec.
  2. ^ "Groulx Dies Suddenly". Montreal Gazette. July 17, 1952. p. 1.
  3. ^ "National Union Again Sweeps Province". Montreal Gazette. July 17, 1952. p. 1.
  4. ^ "Party Standing in Quebec Unchanged by By-elections". Montreal Gazette. July 10, 1953. p. 1.
  5. ^ "Les membres de l'Assemblée nationale par circonscription" [National Assembly members by riding] (in French). National Assembly of Quebec. Retrieved September 9, 2023.